Hydraulic press.



J. M. HANSEN.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, 1913- F'IG.1

WITNESSES NO ms versus coupnow-umo. .vAsrnNcmN, u. c.

Patented July 18, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

FIG. 2

INVENTOR.

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J. M. HANSEN.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23. 1913.

Patented J My 18, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 4

WITNESSES;

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JOHN M. HANSEN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO FORGED STEELWHEEL COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGI-I, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN-sYLvAN-Ia' HYDRAULIC rnnss.

Application filed June 23, 1913. Serial No. 775,344.

To all whom it may oonoem Be it known that 1, JOHN M. HANSEN, a citizenof the United States,-and resident of Pittsburgh, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Hydraulic Presses; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact descrlptlon thereof.

My invention relates to hydraulic presses and to that type of pressesgenerally used for extremely heavy forging operatlons. These presses areoften built to exert power of 10,000 tons or more and the main parts ofthe press are very. large and heavy, some of them being as heavy as onehundred tons, indeed being only limited in size and weight by thecapacity of railroads to transport the same. The presses aslmade areformed of platens connected by strong forged steel columns resting onsuitable foundations, the main parts being the bottom platen or anvil,the top platen carrying the hydraulic cyl1nder and a movingplatenoperated by the hydraulic piston. The columns for these pressesare made as large as two feet in diameter.

' As heretofore constructed the hydraulic cylinder has formed a part ofthe cap piece or top platen and the tremendous strain brought upon thecylinder andcap piecehas led to the development of cracks in thecylinder. As the cylinder was formed integral with the cap piece, thestrain was thrown upward within the casting as a tension strain againstthe upper part thereof, and as the cylinder was mainly-located in'thelower or compression portionof the casting,the tension strain was sogreat that it was liable to cause vibration in the body of the castingand this would lead to contraction at the base of the cylinder itselfwhere it projected down from the cap piece. This in time was liable todevelop cracks within the body of the casting usually within thecylinder, even though these parts were formed of the strongest caststeel. The tremendous strain also caused a deflection in the body of thecasting which caused a diagonal thrust upon the forged steel columns andthe nuts thereon above the cap piece which strain stripped the threadsof the columns on the inner sides thereof, making it necessary toreplace the columns. Such accidents led to great loss and delay in thecost of replacing the injured parts including the dismantling andrebuilding of the tremendous machine, and the loss of the productivework of the press during the delay.

The object of my invention is to provide a hydraulic press, the cappiece of which is sufliciently strong to be'entirely without defleet-ionunder such tremendous strain, and in which that strain is broughtdirectly upon the columns in such way as to relieve the same from such.diagonal strains leading to the stripping of the, threads, etc.

It consists, generally stated, in the combination with the anvil blockor'lower platen and the connecting columns, of a hydraulic cylinder, andthe cap piece connected to the columns, and separate from and sustainingthe hydraulic cylinder, said cap piece being of suflicient thickness-ordepth to sustain the strain without defiection'of its body, and sotransmitting the strain on direct vertical lines to the columns.

It also comprises the employment with said separate cylinder and cappiece of a cross head supported by the columns engaging the lowerportion of the cylinder to sustain it against outward strain. It alsoconsists in other improvements as hereafter described. v i

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of the presson line 11 Fig. 8; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the upper part of thepress on the line 22 Fig. 3; Fig. 3, is a top or plan view of the cap;Fig.4 a vertical sectionof the upper portion of the'cap on line Fig. 3;Figs. 5 and 6 are perspective views of the cap piece; and Fig. 7 is alike View of the cylinder.

The anvil, block or lower platen 2 is supported on anyv suitablefoundation, and the columns 3 pass through the anvil'block and extendupwardly through the cap piece 4, these parts being bound together bythe nuts 5 below the anvil piece 2 andthe nuts 6 above the cappiece,-.saidnuts, as illustrated, being of the split type clamped in place bythe bolts 7 after the main parts are thus rigidly bolted together.Secured upon the columns 8in any suitable way are the collars 8 on whichrests the cross head 9. Held between the cap piece 4 and the cross head9 is the hydraulic cylinder 10 which fits against the lower face of thecap piece 4 and is seated therein, such as in the shallow cup shapedrecess 11 while its lower edge is Patented July 18, 191%.

1 as will not reduce its formed with a rabbet 12, providing-a verticalcylindrical face 13 fitting within the inner cylindrical face 14: of thecross head, and a shoulder 15 resting upon a shoulder 16 of the crosshead, the cylinder being thus supported and held rigidly between the cappiece a and cross head 9.

The cap piece t is formed as a separate casting from the cylinder and ismade of suflicient thickness or depth and strength to sustain withoutpossible deflection all strains brought upon it under the tremendoushydraulic power developed in the press. For example, in the press asillustrated the cap piece is between 6 and 7 feet in thickness and fitsfor this length around the columns 3. I thus provide a separate cappiece of such thickness and with a continuously extending body portionin the lower part thereof to sustain all upward strain not only by theupper or tension portion thereof, but by its lower or compression part,so that vibration in the body of the casting will not be developed evenunder the tremendous strain produced. The cap piece is so thick andrigid that no deflection can occur in the body thereof, and consequentlyas the nuts 6 contact directly with the upper surface thereof againstthe bearing faces 17 thereof, the upward strain is transmitted on directlines to the nuts 6 parallel with said columns. The cup-shaped seat 11is shallow and corresponds exactly in shape to the closed or bottomportion of the cylinder 10 which fits into the same for about thethickness of the bottom of the cylinder, thus centering it and formingin effect a continuous soliclbody of metal from the inner wall of thecylinder to the top of the cap piece. The cup shaped seat is locatedonly within the compression portion of the cap piece, so that the directstrain is limited to such compression portion thereof. The cap piecemay, however, be cored at 36 in such way rigidity. Thus the cast steelcylinder, the walls of which are made, say, a foot and a quarter inthickness, is supported and firmly held between the cross head 9 and thecap piece 4:, and is securely held against all strains brought upon iteven under the tremendous force exerted. For example, the upward strainis sustained by the cap piece, which is of so great thickness andstrength as to prevent deflection. The strain is also transmitteddirectly to the nuts on direct vertical lines and on lines parallel tothe columns themselves with which the cap piece engages for such lengthas to make deflection either in the columns or on the cap -pieceimpossible. In like manner the bursting strains developed within thecylinder are sustained by the cross head itself engaging with the lowerend thereof, which in turn is supported by the heavy columns of thepress. Thus all vibration which might lead to development of crackswithin the cylinder is absolutely prevented; first by removing ifpossible all inward strains in the body of the cap piece which might bepresent where the cylinder and cap piece were integral, second bytransferring the direct strain within the cylinder from the tensionportion of the casting down to the lower or compression portion of theseparate cap piece; third by making said cap of sufiicient thickness toprevent the devclopment of stress or strain within the same, or permitany deflection within the body, this also overcoming all possibility ofdiagonal strain upon the supporting columns or their nuts; and again bysustaining the base of the cylinderfirmly against outward burstingstrains.

. The drawings also illustrate the usual parts in a hydraulic press ofthis character, for example, one for the forging of car wheels in whichthe main piston is shown at 20 being carried by the moving platen 21traveling on the colunms 3, said platen being raised by the rams 22supported on the cap piece I and fitting into the seats 23 thereof, theplungers 24 of said rams being connected to the cross head 25 havingrods 26 extending down to and engaging with the lugs 27 of the movingplaten. Said platen carries the die 28 which cooperates with the anvildie 29. in the main forging operation. The :ma-in piston 20 is formedhollow, so forming a cylinder 30 to receive the piston 31 operating themandrel 32. The anvil also supports a cylinder 33 operating a plunger34L and through it the ram 35. These parts are, of course, changed asdesired according to the work to be performed.

' What I claim is:

1. In a hydraulic press, the combination of an anvil block,a cap pieceand columns connecting the same, and a separate hydraulic cylinder, thecap piece being of sufficient thickness to sustain the pressing strainbrought upon it without deflection of its body, and having a recess inits lower face wholly located within the compression extending aroundthe open base of the hy draulic cylinder, said cap-piece being ofsufficient thickness to sustain the strains brought on it withoutdeflection of its body.

3. In a hydraulic press, the combination of an anvil block, a cap piecehaving a shal- 7 low recess having a flat bottom in its lower face, acylinder having a flat upper face fitting in said recess, and a crosshead connected to the columns and engaging with the lower open end ofthe cylinder, said cap piece being of sufficient strength to sustain.the strains brought on it Without deflection Gopies of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressing the cient thickness tosustain the pressing strain Without deflection of its body and having arecess Wholly in the compression portion 15 thereof, the cylinder beingseated Within said recess, and the cross head surrounding the base ofthe cylinder.

In testimony whereof, I the said JOHN M. HANSEN have hereunto set myhand.

JOHN M. HANSEN.

lVitnesses:

ROBERT C. TOTTEN, JOHN F. WILL.

"Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

